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Unix / Linux Print Environment Variables Command
In Unix/Linux, you can print the values of environment variables using the echo command and the syntax $ . Here’s an example to print the value of the PATH environment variable: n n n echo $PATH n n n To print the values of all environment variables, you can use the printenv or env command: n
How To Save The Output Of A Linux/Unix Command To A File
You can save the output of a Linux/Unix command to a file using the redirection operator > . The redirection operator takes the standard output of a command and saves it to a file. Here's an example:rn rn rn > rn rn rnWhere is the command you want to run and is the name of the file where you w
Linux / Unix: time Command Examples
The time command in Linux and Unix measures the time it takes to run a command or a script. Here are some examples of how to use the time command:rn rn Measure the time it takes to run a command:rn rn rn time rn rn rn Measure the time it takes to run a shell script:rn rn rn time sh rn rn rn Measure
Linux/Unix: pstree Command Examples: See A Tree Of Processes
The pstree command in Linux and Unix displays a tree of processes on the system, showing the relationship between parent and child processes. Here are some examples of how to use the pstree command:rn rn Display the entire process tree:rn rn rn pstreern rn rn Display the process tree for a specific
Linux / Unix: jobs Command Examples
The jobs command in Linux and Unix displays information about the jobs that are running in the background or stopped in the current shell. Here are some examples of how to use the jobs command:rn rn Display all jobs in the current shell:rn rn rn jobs rn rn rn Display the status of a specific job:rn
SSH restart Linux system using reboot command
You can restart a Linux system using the reboot command over SSH by executing the following steps:rn rn Connect to the remote Linux system via SSH:rn rn rn ssh user @host rn rn rn Run the sudo command to execute the reboot command with root privileges:rn rn rn sudo rebootrn rn rn Confirm the reboot
Ubuntu Linux: Concatenate Text Files Command
To concatenate text files in Ubuntu Linux, you can use the cat command. Here is an example:rn rn rn cat file1.txt file2.txt > file3.txtrn rn rnThis command will concatenate the contents of file1.txt and file2.txt and save the result in a new file called file3.txt . You can also use the cat com
Linux 82801G ICH7 Family Sound Card Not Working On a Laptop
There are a few steps you can take to resolve the issue of a Linux 82801G ICH7 Family sound card not working on a laptop:rn rn Check if the sound card is being detected by the system:rn rn rn aplay -lrn rn rn Check if the correct sound card driver is loaded:rn rn rn lsmod | grep sndrn rn rn Check th
CentOS / RHEL v6.x: Install And Configure Serial Console
To install and configure a serial console on CentOS or RHEL v6.x, you need to make changes to the system's GRUB configuration, as well as the /etc/securetty and /etc/inittab files. Here are the steps you need to follow:rn rn Edit the GRUB configuration file:rn rn rn sudo nano /etc/grub.confrn rn rn
CentOS / RHEL: List All Configured Repositories
In CentOS and RHEL, you can list all configured repositories using the yum command-line tool. Here's the command to list all the repositories:rn rn rn yum repolist all rn rn rnExplanation:rn rn The yum command is used to interact with the YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) package manager, which i
nginx: See Active connections / Connections Per Seconds
You can use the nginx status module to view active connections and connections per second for your Nginx server. The status module provides real-time information about the status and performance of your Nginx server. To view active connections and connections per second, you'll need to access the
Python raw_input Example (Input From Keyboard)
In Python 2, you can use the raw_input() function to read input from the keyboard. This function reads a line of text from the user and returns it as a string. Here's an example of how to use raw_input() in Python 2:rn rn rn name = raw_input( 'Enter your name: ' )rn print ( 'Hello, ' + name + '!'
Linux Iptables List and Show All NAT IPTables Rules Command
You can use the iptables command in Linux to list and show all NAT (Network Address Translation) rules. The NAT rules are stored in the nat table in the iptables firewall. Here's an example of how to list all NAT rules in iptables:rn rn rn iptables -t nat -Lrn rn rnExplanation:rn rn The -t option
Python: Delete / Remove Files
You can use the os module in Python to delete or remove files. The os module provides the remove() function to delete a file. Here's an example of how to delete a file in Python:rn rn rn import os filename = 'file.txt' if os . path .isfile(filename):rn os . remove (filename)rn print (f '
Linux / Unix: Find Files Modified On Specific Date
You can use the find command in Linux/Unix to search for files that were modified on a specific date. The find command supports several options to specify the time and date range for the search. Here is an example of how to find files modified on a specific date (e.g., January 1, 2022) using the
HowTo: Firefox Disable Default PDF Viewer / Plugin
To disable the default PDF viewer in Firefox, you can follow these steps:rn rn Open Firefox and type about:addons in the address bar and press Enter. rn In the Add-ons Manager, click on the "Plugins" tab. rn Find the plugin named "Portable Document Format (PDF)" in the list. rn Click on the "Never A
Linux See Bandwidth Usage Per Process With Nethogs Tool
The nethogs tool is a free, open-source utility for Linux that allows you to see the bandwidth usage of individual processes on your system. It provides a real-time view of the network traffic generated by each process, including the process name, pid, and the amount of bandwidth used in kilobytes p
How To Use pwd Command In Linux / UNIX {with examples}
The pwd (Print Working Directory) command is used in Linux and Unix systems to print the current working directory. The current working directory is the directory where the shell is currently located. Here are some examples of how to use the pwd command:rn rn Basic usage: rn rn rn rn pwd rn rn rn
RHEL / CentOS: SELinux Is Preventing /sbin/iptables-multi-1.4.7 From Read Access On The File/rawip_socket
When SELinux is preventing access to a file or resource, you can use the audit2allow command to generate a policy module that will allow the access. Here's how you can resolve the issue of SELinux preventing /sbin/iptables-multi-1.4.7 from read access on the file/socket /rawip_socket in RHEL/CentOS:
Linux / Unix Find Command Avoid Permission Denied Messages
If you run the find command as a non-privileged user, you may see "Permission denied" messages for certain directories or files that you don't have permission to access. To avoid these messages, you can use the 2>/dev/null redirection to discard the error output from the find command. For exam
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