To find out what partition a file belongs to on Linux, you can use the df command with the -P option, which displays the file system space usage, including the file system type, total size, used space, available space, and the mounted file system. Here’s the basic syntax for using the df command: df -P … Read more

The PHP Fatal error: Cannot redeclare wfProfileIn() error in MediaWiki typically occurs when there is a conflict between multiple copies of the same function or class in your MediaWiki installation. This error can be caused by a number of different issues, such as: Multiple copies of the same extension installed in different directories A corrupted … Read more

To blacklist packages using the yum package manager on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) or CentOS, you can create a file in the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory that excludes the packages you want to blacklist. The file should have the extension .repo, and the content should specify the packages you want to exclude, using the exclude option. … Read more

In CentOS and Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), you can change or copy the SELinux security context of a file using the chcon or semanage command. The chcon command is used to change the SELinux security context of a file, and it has the following syntax: chcon <context> <file> For example, to change the SELinux … Read more

To reinstall a package using the yum package manager on CentOS or Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), you can use the yum reinstall command, followed by the name of the package you want to reinstall: sudo yum reinstall <package_name> For example, if you want to reinstall the httpd package: sudo yum reinstall httpd This command … Read more

In OpenSSH, host key checking is a security feature that is enabled by default. It prevents man-in-the-middle attacks by verifying that the server you are connecting to is the one you intended to connect to, by checking its host key against the list of known host keys stored in your local machine. However, in some … Read more

In Linux or Unix, you can list the contents of a directory and its subdirectories recursively using the ls command with the -R or –recursive option. Here’s an example: ls -R /path/to/directory This will list the contents of the directory /path/to/directory and all its subdirectories, displaying the names of files and directories in a tree-like … Read more

In Linux or Unix, you can list the contents of a directory and its subdirectories recursively using the ls command with the -R or –recursive option. Here’s an example: ls -R /path/to/directory This will list the contents of the directory /path/to/directory and all its subdirectories, displaying the names of files and directories in a tree-like … Read more

You can use the lsof (list open files) command in Linux to find out which files (also called descriptors) are open by a process. The lsof command displays a list of all open files and the processes that have them open. To display the open files for a specific process, you can run the following … Read more

In the SysVinit init system, which is used in many Linux and Unix distributions, there are several commands to control system services: restart: The restart command stops the service and then starts it again. This is useful when you want to apply changes to the service’s configuration. service <service_name> restart reload: The reload command reloads … Read more