In Bash, the exit code of a command can be accessed using the special variable $?. The exit code is a numeric value that represents the status of the command’s execution. A value of 0 typically indicates success, while a non-zero value indicates failure. Here is an example of how to check the exit code … Read more

To update an LXD container running Ubuntu 16.04 to 18.04, you can use the lxc command-line tool. Here are the general steps to follow: Start by making a snapshot of the container, so that you can roll back if anything goes wrong during the update process: lxc snapshot <container name> <snapshot name> Then update the … Read more

There are several ways to check the RAID configuration in Linux, depending on the type of RAID being used. Here are a few common methods: cat /proc/mdstat: This command shows the current state of all Software RAIDs in the system. It will display all RAID arrays and their component devices, along with their status, such … Read more

To secure Apache with Let’s Encrypt certificates on RHEL 8/9, you can use the Certbot tool. Here are the general steps to follow: Install Certbot by running the following command: sudo dnf install certbot-apache Obtain a certificate by running the following command: sudo certbot –apache -d example.com -d www.example.com Configure Apache to use the newly … Read more

In Bash, you can use the = operator to check if a string starts with a specific character, such as #. Here is an example: # Declare a variable mystring=”#example” # Check if the string starts with “#” if [[ $mystring == “#”* ]]; then echo “The string starts with #” else echo “The string … Read more

Installing a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) stack on RHEL 8 can be done by following these steps: Install Apache web server: sudo dnf install httpd Start the Apache service and enable it to start automatically at boot time: sudo systemctl start httpd sudo systemctl enable httpd Install MySQL server and client: sudo dnf install … Read more

Installing the Nvidia driver on CentOS 7 Linux can be done by following these steps: Ensure that the kernel-devel and gcc packages are installed: sudo yum install kernel-devel gcc Blacklist the nouveau driver by creating a file called /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf with the following content: blacklist nouveau options nouveau modeset=0 reboot the system to load the new … Read more

In Linux, files and directories can be hidden by adding a dot (.) at the beginning of the name. When a dot is added to the beginning of a file or directory name, it is treated as a hidden file or directory and is not visible in the default directory listing. To hide a file … Read more

There are several ways to check running processes in Ubuntu Linux using the command line. Here are a few common methods: ps command: The ps command is used to display information about the current running processes. You can use the ps aux command to display all processes running on the system, along with their user, … Read more

There are several ways to view the Linux kernel parameters for the currently booted system: The sysctl command can be used to view and modify kernel parameters at runtime. To view all kernel parameters, use the -a option. sysctl -a The /proc/sys/ directory contains files representing kernel parameters. You can view the contents of these … Read more