To force users to use secure passwords on Ubuntu or Debian Linux, you can use the “pam_cracklib.so” module in PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules). This module checks the strength of passwords before allowing them to be set. Here are the steps to enable password checks with PAM: Install the “libpam-cracklib” package: # apt-get install libpam-cracklib Edit … Read more
To apply patches on an OpenBSD system, you can use the “syspatch” command. This command updates the operating system and packages with the latest security patches. To use it, run the following command as root: # syspatch If there are no patches available, you will see the message “Your system is up to date.” If … Read more
To apply patches on an OpenBSD system, you can use the “syspatch” command. This command updates the operating system and packages with the latest security patches. To use it, run the following command as root: # syspatch If there are no patches available, you will see the message “Your system is up to date.” If … Read more
You can create an empty file in Linux using the touch command or by using a text editor. Here’s the general process for creating an empty file in Linux: Using touch: You can create an empty file using the touch command and specify the name of the file as an argument: touch [file-name] For example, … Read more
You can create a snapshot of a KVM virtual machine (VM) or domain in Linux using the virsh command-line tool. Here’s the general process for creating a snapshot in a KVM virtual machine or domain: Connect to the KVM host: Connect to the KVM host using ssh or by using the console directly. List running … Read more
To live patch the Ubuntu Linux Kernel without rebooting the server, you can use a tool called “Kpatch”. Kpatch is a dynamic live-patching system that allows you to apply kernel patches without the need for a reboot. It works by patching individual functions in the running kernel, rather than applying a full patch to the … Read more
To patch and protect the Linux kernel Zero Day Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2016-5195) from Oct 21, 2016, follow these steps: Check your kernel version: uname -r Update your system: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade Install the latest security patches: sudo apt-get dist-upgrade Reboot your system: sudo reboot Note: The above steps are … Read more
To check the version of Ansible installed on a Linux or Unix system, use the following command: ansible –version The output will show the version number, for example: ansible 2.9.13 config file = None configured module search path = [‘/home/user/.ansible/plugins/modules’, ‘/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules’] ansible python module location = /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/ansible executable location = /usr/local/bin/ansible python version = 3.8.7 … Read more
To install PHP 7 on Debian Linux 8.x/7.x (jessie/wheezy), follow these steps: Add the package repository for PHP 7: sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https lsb-release ca-certificates sudo wget -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/php.gpg https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg echo “deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main” | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list Update the package list: sudo apt-get update Install PHP 7 and related modules: sudo apt-get … Read more
To force mark a pfSense gateway as down, you can follow these steps: Login to the pfSense web interface. Navigate to System -> Routing. Find the gateway you want to mark as down in the Gateway column and click the associated gear icon. Click the Disable button to mark the gateway as down. Note: This … Read more