The apt command is a powerful package management tool for Debian-based systems such as Ubuntu and Debian Linux. Here are some common apt command examples: Update the package list: sudo apt update Upgrade installed packages: sudo apt upgrade Install a package: sudo apt install package-name Remove a package: sudo apt remove package-name Purge a package … Read more

You can change a user password in Ubuntu Linux by using the passwd command. To change the password of the current user, simply run the following command in a terminal: passwd To change the password of another user, you need to have root privileges. You can use the sudo command to run the passwd command … Read more

You can install Skype on Debian Linux 9 by following these steps: Add the Skype repository to your sources list: Open a terminal window Run the following command: echo “deb [arch=amd64] https://repo.skype.com/deb stable main” | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/skype-stable.list Download and add the Skype GPG key to your system: Run the following command: wget https://repo.skype.com/data/SKYPE-GPG-KEY sudo … Read more

To become a superuser (root user) on Ubuntu Linux, you can either use the su command or the sudo command. Using su: Open the terminal Type su and press Enter Enter the root user password when prompted You are now the superuser and your shell prompt should show a “#” symbol instead of “$” Using … Read more

Here are the steps to set up an OpenVPN server on Ubuntu Linux in 5 minutes: Install OpenVPN: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install openvpn easy-rsa Copy the sample OpenVPN configuration files: sudo cp /usr/share/doc/openvpn/examples/sample-config-files/server.conf.gz /etc/openvpn/ sudo gzip -d /etc/openvpn/server.conf.gz Modify the OpenVPN configuration file: sudo nano /etc/openvpn/server.conf Change the proto setting to udp or … Read more

You can delete a specific iptables rule in the POSTROUTING chain using the following command: iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING <rule_number> Replace <rule_number> with the number of the rule that you want to delete. You can find the rule number by using the iptables -t nat -L command to list the rules in the POSTROUTING … Read more

You can determine the virtualization technology used for a Linux guest virtual machine (VM) using the following methods: Check the output of the dmesg command: This command outputs the system log messages. If the Linux guest VM is running on a hypervisor, you may see messages from the virtualization technology in the output of the … Read more

Unfortunately, htop is not available in the default pfSense package repository, and installing it can be challenging as it requires a custom package to be built. However, you can use alternative tools such as top to monitor processes on pfSense firewall. Here is how to install top on pfSense: Log in to the pfSense web … Read more

To set up a bridge network on Ubuntu Linux 14.04 and 16.04 LTS, follow these steps: Install the necessary packages: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install bridge-utils Create a bridge interface file at /etc/network/interfaces: # Bridge interface auto br0 iface br0 inet static address <IP address> netmask <netmask> gateway <gateway> bridge_ports eth0 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello … Read more

To set up a bonding device and enslave two real Ethernet devices on Ubuntu, you need to follow these steps: Install the necessary packages: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install ifenslave Load the bonding module: sudo modprobe bonding Create a bond interface file at /etc/network/interfaces: # Bond interface auto bond0 iface bond0 inet static address … Read more