In Linux/Unix, you can use the “head” command to display the first line of a file. The head command by default displays the first 10 lines of a file. To display only the first line, use the “-n 1” option: $ head -n 1 file.txt Alternatively, you can use the “sed” command to display the … Read more

In Linux/Unix, you can use the “head” command to display the first N lines of a file. By default, the head command displays the first 10 lines of a file. To display a different number of lines, use the “-n” option followed by the number of lines you want to see. For example, to display … Read more

The “lastcomm” command in Linux/Unix displays information about previously executed commands on the system. It shows the name of the command, the time it was executed, the username, and other information. For example, to display a list of all previously executed commands, use the following command: $ lastcomm To display information about a specific command, … Read more

You can use the “head” command in the terminal to display the first n lines of a file in Linux. By default, the “head” command displays the first 10 lines of the file. For example, to display the first 10 lines of a file “filename” with line numbers, use the following command: $ cat -n … Read more

You can use the “groups” or “id” command in the terminal to show all members of a group in Linux. For example, to display the members of a group “groupname”, use the following command: $ getent group groupname Or, you can use the “id” command to display information about the group and its members: $ … Read more

In the Bash shell, you can perform numerical comparisons to determine if one number is equal to, greater than, or less than another. You can use the following comparison operators for this purpose: -eq: Equal to -ne: Not equal to -lt: Less than -le: Less than or equal to -gt: Greater than -ge: Greater than … Read more

The members command is used to display a list of the members of a group in a Linux or Unix-like system. The members command takes the name of a group as its argument and outputs the names of the users that belong to the group. Here are some common examples of using the members command: … Read more

The lid (libuser-lid) command is a utility used to manage user accounts and user groups on Linux systems. The lid command is part of the libuser library, which provides a standardized interface for manipulating and administering user and group accounts on various Linux distributions. Here are some common examples of using the lid command: To … Read more

The process of updating all packages on a Linux system depends on the package manager used by the distribution. Here are some common package managers and the command to update all packages using the command line interface (CLI) for each: Debian-based systems (such as Ubuntu, Linux Mint, etc.) use the apt package manager. The command … Read more

In Gentoo Linux, you can update all installed packages using the emerge command. Here’s the basic syntax: emerge –update –deep –newuse world This command will update all installed packages, including their dependencies, to the latest available version. The options used are: –update updates the packages to the latest version –deep updates the dependencies of the … Read more