To change the user and group ID of all files owned by a specific user on Linux, you can use the chown command with the -R (recursive) option. Here’s an example: Open a terminal window. Run the following command to change the user ID (UID) of the user olduser to newuser: sudo chown -R newuser: … Read more

The dd command is a powerful tool for creating disk images on Mac OS X. Here’s how to use it: Open Terminal. Insert the source disk (e.g. a USB drive) that you want to create an image of. Run the following command to list the available disk devices: diskutil list Identify the source disk by … Read more

To install FreeBSD on a Raspberry Pi 2 Model B, you can follow these steps: Download the FreeBSD image for Raspberry Pi 2 Model B from the official FreeBSD website. Write the image to a MicroSD card using a tool like Etcher. Insert the MicroSD card into the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B, connect a … Read more

To find out if a 32-bit or 64-bit Unix operating system is installed on a server, you can use the uname command with the -m option. The -m option shows the machine hardware name, which indicates the architecture of the operating system. For example, you can run the following command: uname -m If the output … Read more

To update macOS using the command line software update tool, you can use the softwareupdate command. This command is part of the Apple Software Update utility and can be used to install system software updates, security updates, and other updates from the Apple servers. To check for available updates, you can run the following command: … Read more

To see the characteristics of file systems on Linux or Unix, you can use the stat command. The stat command displays information about the file system status and attributes, such as the file type, access rights, timestamps, and other information. For example, to see the characteristics of a file system, you would run the following … Read more

Microsoft Visual Studio Code (VSCode) can be installed on Linux systems in several ways. Here’s how to install it on a Debian-based system like Ubuntu: Download the DEB package for your architecture (32-bit or 64-bit) from the Visual Studio Code website: https://code.visualstudio.com/download Open a terminal window and navigate to the directory where the DEB package … Read more

In Debian and Ubuntu Linux, old kernel images can be deleted using the dpkg command. To delete old kernel images, follow these steps: Run the following command to list all installed kernel packages: dpkg -l | grep linux-image Look for the older kernel images that you want to delete and make a note of the … Read more

To install the Rsnapshot filesystem snapshot backup utility on FreeBSD, you can use the pkg package manager. Here’s how: Make sure you have the pkg package manager installed on your FreeBSD system. If you don’t have it installed, you can install it by running the following command as root: pkg install pkg Update your package … Read more

The ip route add command in Linux is used to add a new route to the IP routing table. The syntax for the ip route add command is as follows: ip route add network/mask dev interface where: network/mask: This is the IP address and netmask for the network you want to route. dev: This is … Read more