To search all subdirectories for files using grep you can use the following command: grep -r pattern directory where pattern is the search string and directory is the top-level directory to search. The -r or –recursive option tells grep to search recursively through subdirectories. For example: grep -r “error” /var/log This will search for all … Read more

The pidof command in Linux is used to find the process ID (PID) of a program or command. Here are some examples of how to use the pidof command: Find the PID of a specific process: pidof process_name where process_name is the name of the process you want to find the PID of. For example, … Read more

In the Linux terminal, you can change the current working directory using the cd command. Here’s how you can use the cd command to change to a different directory: cd path/to/directory where path/to/directory is the path of the directory you want to change to. For example, to change to the /home directory, you would use … Read more

In Ubuntu or Debian Linux, you can install the ethtool utility to display and set Ethernet device settings by using the following command: sudo apt-get install ethtool After installing ethtool, you can use it to display the settings of an Ethernet device, such as eth0, by using the following command: ethtool eth0 This will display … Read more

In Debian Linux, you can configure network interfaces as a bridge, also known as a network switch, using the brctl utility and the /etc/network/interfaces file. Here’s an example of how to configure two network interfaces, eth0 and eth1, as a bridge: Install the bridge-utils package: sudo apt-get install bridge-utils Create a bridge device: sudo brctl … Read more

In the Linux terminal, you can change the current working directory using the cd command. Here’s how you can use the cd command to change to a different directory: cd path/to/directory where path/to/directory is the path of the directory you want to change to. For example, to change to the /home directory, you would use … Read more

In Linux, you can change the name of a network interface card using the udev subsystem. Here’s how you can change the name of the eth0 interface to new_name: Create a new udev rule file: sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules Add the following lines to the file: SUBSYSTEM==”net”, ACTION==”add”, DRIVERS==”?*”, ATTR{address}==”xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx”, NAME=”new_name” where xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx is the MAC … Read more

To display line numbers while using the less command, you can add the -N option when running the less command: less -N file.txt In this example, the -N option causes less to display line numbers in front of each line of the file. This can be useful when you need to refer to specific lines … Read more

In CentOS Linux, you can start, stop, or restart the sshd service using the systemctl command. Here are the commands to start, stop, and restart sshd: Start sshd: sudo systemctl start ssh Stop sshd: sudo systemctl stop ssh Restart sshd: sudo systemctl restart ssh Note: You may need to run these commands as the root … Read more

In Python, you can remove/delete a file from disk using the os module’s remove function. Here’s an example: import os file_path = “path/to/file.txt” if os.path.exists(file_path): os.remove(file_path) print(“File removed successfully.”) else: print(“File not found.”) In this example, we first check if the file exists using the os.path.exists function. If the file exists, we remove it using … Read more