The lid (libuser-lid) command is a utility used to manage user accounts and user groups on Linux systems. The lid command is part of the libuser library, which provides a standardized interface for manipulating and administering user and group accounts on various Linux distributions. Here are some common examples of using the lid command: To … Read more
The process of updating all packages on a Linux system depends on the package manager used by the distribution. Here are some common package managers and the command to update all packages using the command line interface (CLI) for each: Debian-based systems (such as Ubuntu, Linux Mint, etc.) use the apt package manager. The command … Read more
In Gentoo Linux, you can update all installed packages using the emerge command. Here’s the basic syntax: emerge –update –deep –newuse world This command will update all installed packages, including their dependencies, to the latest available version. The options used are: –update updates the packages to the latest version –deep updates the dependencies of the … Read more
You can display line numbers with the cat command by using the nl (number lines) command. Here’s an example: nl [file_name] Where [file_name] is the name of the file you want to display with line numbers. The nl command will print the contents of the file, with each line numbered. If you want to display … Read more
In Unix/Linux, you can print the values of environment variables using the echo command and the syntax $[variable_name]. Here’s an example to print the value of the PATH environment variable: echo $PATH To print the values of all environment variables, you can use the printenv or env command: printenv or env This will print the … Read more
You can save the output of a Linux/Unix command to a file using the redirection operator >. The redirection operator takes the standard output of a command and saves it to a file. Here’s an example: [command] > [output_file] Where [command] is the command you want to run and [output_file] is the name of the … Read more
The time command in Linux and Unix measures the time it takes to run a command or a script. Here are some examples of how to use the time command: Measure the time it takes to run a command: time [command] Measure the time it takes to run a shell script: time sh [script.sh] Measure … Read more
The pstree command in Linux and Unix displays a tree of processes on the system, showing the relationship between parent and child processes. Here are some examples of how to use the pstree command: Display the entire process tree: pstree Display the process tree for a specific user: pstree -u [username] Display the process tree … Read more
The jobs command in Linux and Unix displays information about the jobs that are running in the background or stopped in the current shell. Here are some examples of how to use the jobs command: Display all jobs in the current shell: jobs Display the status of a specific job: jobs -l [job_number] Display the … Read more
You can restart a Linux system using the reboot command over SSH by executing the following steps: Connect to the remote Linux system via SSH: ssh user@host Run the sudo command to execute the reboot command with root privileges: sudo reboot Confirm the reboot by typing yes: yes This will immediately restart the Linux system. … Read more