FreeBSD: NIC Bonding / Link Aggregation / Trunking / Link Failover Tutorial

Network Interface Card (NIC) bonding, also known as Link Aggregation, Trunking, or Link Failover, is a method of combining two or more network interfaces into a single logical interface. This can provide increased network bandwidth and redundancy, as well as improve network availability by providing automatic failover in the event of a network link failure. … Read more

How to display line number in vim

To display line numbers in Vim, you can use the following command in command mode: :set number This will display line numbers on the left-hand side of the screen. To turn off line numbering, use the following command: :set nonumber You can also use the short version of the above commands by replacing set with … Read more

Squid Proxy Hide System’s Real IP Address

When acting as a proxy, Squid by default adds a header named “X-Forwarded-For” to each request. This header contains the IP address of the client that made the request. However, it’s possible to hide the system’s real IP address by configuring Squid to remove this header. Here’s how to do it: Open the Squid configuration … Read more

FreeBSD Jail Access Private Network Via NAT and PF

In FreeBSD, a jail is a form of virtualization that allows you to partition a FreeBSD system into smaller, self-contained environments. Each jail has its own network stack, file system, and processes, making it an ideal solution for building isolated and secure environments. In some cases, you may need to allow the jail to access … Read more

What is Linux?

Linux is an open-source, Unix-like operating system based on the Linux kernel. It was first developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and has since become one of the most widely used operating systems in the world. Linux is known for its stability, security, and flexibility, and it is used in a variety of applications, from … Read more

Kubuntu Desktops Upgrade From 8.10 to 9.04

Kubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) and Kubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) are both no longer supported versions. However, for upgrading from one version to another, it is recommended to upgrade through each intermediate version. In this case, to upgrade from Kubuntu 8.10 to 9.04, you should follow the following steps: Backup your important data before proceeding. Make … Read more