Rahul Sahu When acting as a proxy, Squid by default adds a header named “X-Forwarded-For” to each request. This header contains the IP address of the client that made the request. However, it’s possible to hide the system’s real IP address by configuring Squid to remove this header. Here’s how to do it: Open the Squid configuration … Read more
In FreeBSD, a jail is a form of virtualization that allows you to partition a FreeBSD system into smaller, self-contained environments. Each jail has its own network stack, file system, and processes, making it an ideal solution for building isolated and secure environments. In some cases, you may need to allow the jail to access … Read more
This error message indicates that there is another instance of the yum package manager currently running on the system. Yum is designed to prevent multiple instances from running simultaneously in order to prevent conflicts and ensure the integrity of the package database. To resolve this issue, you can wait for the other instance of yum … Read more
Linux is an open-source, Unix-like operating system based on the Linux kernel. It was first developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and has since become one of the most widely used operating systems in the world. Linux is known for its stability, security, and flexibility, and it is used in a variety of applications, from … Read more
Kubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) and Kubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) are both no longer supported versions. However, for upgrading from one version to another, it is recommended to upgrade through each intermediate version. In this case, to upgrade from Kubuntu 8.10 to 9.04, you should follow the following steps: Backup your important data before proceeding. Make … Read more
In shell scripting, you can check the size of a file using the stat command. The stat command displays file or file system status, including file size, in a user-readable format. Here’s an example shell script that uses stat to find the size of a file: #!/bin/bash filename=”/path/to/file.txt” # check if file exists if [ … Read more
In UNIX and Linux, there are nine permission bits that determine the access permissions on a file. The permissions are divided into three groups of three bits each, representing the owner, group, and others. Here’s what each bit represents: Read (r): The file can be read. Write (w): The file can be written to. Execute … Read more
To disable GNOME automounting in Linux, you can use the following steps: Open the GNOME configuration editor by running the command gconf-editor in the terminal. Navigate to the following key: /desktop/gnome/volume_manager. Uncheck the automount and automount_open options. Close the configuration editor. This will disable GNOME automounting for all users. If you want to disable it … Read more
To find all world-writable directories that have the sticky bit set in Linux/UNIX, you can use the find command. The sticky bit is represented by the letter “t” in the permission bits for a directory. A directory that has the sticky bit set can only be deleted by its owner, even if it is world-writable. … Read more
On Linux/UNIX systems, you can configure the shell or SSH server to automatically log out users after a period of inactivity using the TMOUT environment variable. To automatically log out users after a period of inactivity, you can set the TMOUT variable in the user’s shell configuration file. For example, to set the timeout to … Read more