Rahul Sahu The password file /etc/passwd contains one line for each user account. The passwd files are the local source of password information. To check the list of users on a Unix-like system, you can use the cut and /etc/passwd command as follows: $ cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd The /etc/passwd file contains information about each user on the … Read more
The curl command is a tool to download or transfer files/data from or to a server using FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, SCP, SFTP, SMB, and other supported protocols on FreeBSD, Linux, or Unix-like system. You can install curl on FreeBSD using the pkg command as follows: # pkg install curl This will download and install the latest version … Read more
You can turn off color in a Linux terminal/bash session by setting the environment variable TERM to dumb. You can do this by running the following command in your terminal: export TERM=dumb This will disable color output in the terminal until the terminal is closed or the environment variable is reset. To make the change … Read more
To patch the Meltdown CPU vulnerability (CVE-2017-5754) on a Linux system, you need to install the latest security updates and patches from your Linux distribution vendor. The exact steps to do this will depend on the distribution and version you’re using, but some common methods include using the package manager (e.g. yum, apt-get, dnf, zypper, … Read more
The Spectre vulnerability (CVE-2017-5753 and CVE-2017-5715) is a hardware-based vulnerability that affects modern microprocessors and can be exploited by attackers to access sensitive information, such as passwords and encryption keys. To patch the Spectre vulnerability on Linux, you will need to install the latest microcode update from your processor vendor and update your operating system. … Read more
You can find the path where a package is installed to on a CentOS/RHEL system using the yum provides command. For example, to find the path for the package httpd, you can run the following command: yum provides ‘*/httpd’ The output will list the packages that provide the specified file, including the full path to … Read more
To change the hostname of a FreeBSD system without rebooting, you can use the hostname command. To set the hostname to “new-hostname”, you can run the following command: hostname new-hostname To make the change permanent, you will need to edit the /etc/rc.conf file and modify the hostname variable. For example: vi /etc/rc.conf # Change the … Read more
To check if a Linux system is vulnerable to Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities, you can use various tools and techniques. Using the in-kernel command line tool: Use the following command to check if the system is vulnerable: grep -Ew ^flags /proc/cpuinfo | grep -Eqw “spectre_v2|l1tf” If the command returns “0”, then the system is vulnerable … Read more
The Intel microcode firmware update can be installed or updated on Linux using the following steps: Determine the version of your processor: $ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -m1 “model name” Download the appropriate firmware update package from Intel’s website or your Linux distribution’s repository. Install the firmware update package using the package manager for your … Read more
To install and setup Docker on RHEL 7/CentOS 7: Update the system: $ sudo yum update Add the Docker CE repository: $ sudo yum install -y yum-utils $ sudo yum-config-manager –add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo Install Docker CE: $ sudo yum install docker-ce Start Docker and enable it to start at boot: $ sudo systemctl start docker $ … Read more